Edible plant · leafy greens

Gai lan

Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra

Also known asChinese broccoli · Kai lan · Chinese kale · Jie lan

beginner cool-season hydroponic-ready aquaponic-ready cut and come again
Days to harvest
60–80
Yield / plant
0.5kg
Spacing
25 cm
Daily light
14–20DLI

Environment

The bounded range this crop tolerates.

Temperature
5152535
1226°C
pH
45.578.5
6–7
EC (hydro)
01234
1.5–2.5 mS/cm
Daily light
5152535
14–20 mol/m²/d
Cut and come again harvest

Climate and zones

USDA zones
4–10 (winter low around -34°C)
Frost
tolerates light frost
Season
cool (spring/fall)
Outdoor year-round (in zone)
Outdoor in growing season
Unheated greenhouse / hoop
Heated greenhouse
Indoor (heated home)
Indoor hydroponics + grow lights

Growing systems

Root mass: moderate.

·Deep water culture (rafts)
·NFT channels
·Vertical / aeroponic tower
·Drip / Dutch buckets
Media bed (ebb and flow)
Wicking bed
Soil bed

Growing media

MediumpH effectRetentionBacterial surface
Expanded clay pebbles (LECA) neutral / inert low high
Coco coir (Coconut coir) slightly acidic high moderate
Soil-based mix (Potting soil) varies high high

Nutrient demand by stage

NPK ratios are relative weights. EC targets shift through the plant's life.

StageNPKEC (mS/cm)
seedling1110.8
vegetative3122

Companion-growing notes

  • Heavy uptake of calcium. Co-grown crops with the same demand will end up deficient even at "correct" EC.

Aquaponics suitability

Compatible

Fish waste provides enough nitrogen for healthy growth. Supplemental potassium, calcium, and iron may still be needed depending on fish stocking density.

Care notes

A fast, productive hydroponic crop well-suited to Asian vegetable production. EC 1.5-2.5 mS/cm. pH 6.0-7.0. Temperature: 1525°C (cool to moderate; tolerates heat better than regular broccoli but bolts faster above 28°C). Moderate light (DLI 14-20 mol/m2/day). NFT, DWC, or media bed systems work. From seed to harvest: 5-7 weeks for baby gai lan, 7-10 weeks for full-sized stems. Harvest the main stem with 2-3 leaves when the first flower buds appear but before they open (open flowers indicate overmaturity and tougher stems). After the main stem is cut, side shoots develop and provide 2-3 additional harvests. The thick stem should be peeled if the outer layer is fibrous (split the base; if it's stringy, peel). Caterpillars and aphids are common brassica pests; BT spray and careful monitoring manage them. For commercial hydroponic growers near Chinese communities, gai lan is a consistent seller with strong demand. Succession plant every 2-3 weeks for continuous supply.

Further reading