Edible plant · fruiting

Carolina Reaper

Capsicum chinense

Also known asHP22B · Smokin' Ed's Carolina Reaper

intermediate warm-season frost-sensitive hydroponic-ready aquaponic-ready continuous
Days to harvest
110–130
Yield / plant
2kg
Spacing
60 cm
Daily light
25–35DLI

Environment

The bounded range this crop tolerates. Strict on light; outside the DLI band, yields drop sharply.

Temperature
5°C15°C25°C35°C
2232°C
pH
45.578.5
5.8–6.8
EC (hydro)
01234
2–3 mS/cm
Daily light
515253545
25–35 mol/m²/d
Light strict; fails outside DLI band
Continuous harvest

Climate and zones

USDA zones
9–13 (winter low around -7°C)
Frost
frost sensitive (dies at first frost)
Season
warm (summer, frost-sensitive)
Outdoor year-round (in zone)
Outdoor in growing season
Unheated greenhouse / hoop
Heated greenhouse
Indoor (heated home)
Indoor hydroponics + grow lights

Growing systems

Root mass: moderate.

Deep water culture (rafts)
NFT channels
Vertical / aeroponic tower
Drip / Dutch buckets
Media bed (ebb and flow)
Wicking bed
Soil bed

Growing media

MediumpH effectRetentionBacterial surface
Expanded clay pebbles (LECA) neutral / inert low high
Coco coir (Coconut coir) slightly acidic high moderate
Perlite (Expanded volcanic glass) neutral / inert very low low
Rockwool (Mineral wool) alkaline until pre-soaked very high low
Soil-based mix (Potting soil) varies high high

Nutrient demand by stage

NPK ratios are relative weights. EC targets shift through the plant's life.

StageNPKEC (mS/cm)
seedling2111.2
vegetative3122
flowering1232.6
fruiting1232.8

Companion-growing notes

  • Heavy uptake of potassium, calcium. Co-grown crops with the same demand will end up deficient even at "correct" EC.

Aquaponics suitability

Compatible

Fish waste provides enough nitrogen for healthy growth. Supplemental potassium, calcium, and iron may still be needed depending on fish stocking density.

Care notes

A specialty crop for hot sauce makers and chile enthusiasts. EC 2.0-3.5 mS/cm. pH 5.5-6.5. Temperature: 2432°C (C. chinense demands sustained warmth; growth stalls below 18°C). Very high light (DLI 20-30 mol/m2/day). Long season: 90-120+ days from transplant to ripe fruit. The plants are medium-sized (6090 cm) and benefit from staking. Dutch bucket or large container systems work best. Hand-pollination improves fruit set indoors. Calcium supplementation prevents blossom end rot. Caution during handling: wear nitrile gloves when harvesting and processing. The capsaicin oil is potent enough to cause skin burns and respiratory distress if you touch your face or inhale fumes from cooking. Each plant produces 20-40 fruits over a season. The superhot peppers are primarily used for hot sauce production, dried pepper flakes, and pepper powder. A few plants provide enough product for a year of personal hot sauce making. The extreme heat means a little goes a very long way. For commercial hot sauce makers, hydroponic Carolina Reapers provide a consistent, controlled supply of the headline ingredient. Not a crop for casual growers or households with small children.

Further reading