Edible plant · fruiting

Banana pepper

Capsicum annuum

Also known asYellow wax pepper · Hungarian wax (hot variants) · Banana wax pepper

beginner warm-season frost-sensitive hydroponic-ready aquaponic-ready continuous
Days to harvest
65–80
Yield / plant
1.2kg
Spacing
50 cm
Daily light
20–28DLI

Environment

The bounded range this crop tolerates. Strict on light; outside the DLI band, yields drop sharply.

Temperature
5°C15°C25°C35°C
1830°C
pH
45.578.5
6–6.8
EC (hydro)
01234
1.8–2.6 mS/cm
Daily light
515253545
20–28 mol/m²/d
Light strict; fails outside DLI band
Continuous harvest

Climate and zones

USDA zones
4–12 (winter low around -34°C)
Frost
frost sensitive (dies at first frost)
Season
warm (summer, frost-sensitive)
Outdoor year-round (in zone)
Outdoor in growing season
Unheated greenhouse / hoop
Heated greenhouse
Indoor (heated home)
Indoor hydroponics + grow lights

Growing systems

Root mass: moderate.

Deep water culture (rafts)
NFT channels
Vertical / aeroponic tower
Drip / Dutch buckets
Media bed (ebb and flow)
Wicking bed
Soil bed

Growing media

MediumpH effectRetentionBacterial surface
Expanded clay pebbles (LECA) neutral / inert low high
Coco coir (Coconut coir) slightly acidic high moderate
Perlite (Expanded volcanic glass) neutral / inert very low low
Rockwool (Mineral wool) alkaline until pre-soaked very high low
Soil-based mix (Potting soil) varies high high

Nutrient demand by stage

NPK ratios are relative weights. EC targets shift through the plant's life.

StageNPKEC (mS/cm)
seedling2111.2
vegetative3121.8
flowering1232.2
fruiting1232.4

Companion-growing notes

  • Heavy uptake of potassium, calcium. Co-grown crops with the same demand will end up deficient even at "correct" EC.

Aquaponics suitability

Compatible

Fish waste provides enough nitrogen for healthy growth. Supplemental potassium, calcium, and iron may still be needed depending on fish stocking density.

Care notes

One of the easiest and most productive pepper varieties for hydroponic growing. EC 2.0-2.8 mS/cm. pH 5.8-6.5. Temperature: 2028°C. Moderate to high light (DLI 18-25 mol/m2/day). The compact plant size works well in DWC, NFT, and Dutch bucket systems. Plants begin producing fruit 60-75 days from transplant and continue for months. Each plant can yield 25-40 peppers over a season under hydroponic conditions. Harvest at the yellow stage for the mild, classic banana pepper flavor, or let them ripen to red for slightly sweeter flavor. The thin walls make them ideal for pickling: slice into rings, quick-pickle in vinegar with garlic and spices, and they're ready in 24 hours. For stuffing, harvest slightly larger fruits and fill with cream cheese or sausage filling. Calcium supplementation prevents blossom end rot. The plants are light feeders compared to larger pepper varieties. Pest pressure is low in indoor systems. Banana peppers are a reliable, high-yield crop for beginners, producing usable quantities of fruit within two months of transplanting.

Further reading