Edible plant · fruiting

Chile pequin

Capsicum annuum

Also known asPequin · Piquín · Chile pulga (Spanish for 'flea chile') · Bird pepper (regional Texas/Mexico)

intermediate warm-season frost-sensitive hydroponic-ready aquaponic-ready continuous
Days to harvest
90–120
Yield / plant
0.3kg
Spacing
50 cm
Daily light
22–32DLI

Environment

The bounded range this crop tolerates. Strict on light; outside the DLI band, yields drop sharply.

Temperature
5°C15°C25°C35°C
1832°C
pH
45.578.5
6–7.5
EC (hydro)
01234
1.8–2.6 mS/cm
Daily light
515253545
22–32 mol/m²/d
Light strict; fails outside DLI band
Continuous harvest

Climate and zones

USDA zones
8–12 (winter low around -12°C)
Frost
frost sensitive (dies at first frost)
Season
warm (summer, frost-sensitive)
Outdoor year-round (in zone)
Outdoor in growing season
Unheated greenhouse / hoop
Heated greenhouse
Indoor (heated home)
Indoor hydroponics + grow lights

Growing systems

Root mass: moderate.

Deep water culture (rafts)
NFT channels
Vertical / aeroponic tower
Drip / Dutch buckets
Media bed (ebb and flow)
Wicking bed
Soil bed

Growing media

MediumpH effectRetentionBacterial surface
Coco coir (Coconut coir) slightly acidic high moderate
Perlite (Expanded volcanic glass) neutral / inert very low low
Soil-based mix (Potting soil) varies high high

Nutrient demand by stage

NPK ratios are relative weights. EC targets shift through the plant's life.

StageNPKEC (mS/cm)
seedling2111.2
vegetative3121.8
flowering1232.2
fruiting1232.4

Companion-growing notes

  • Heavy uptake of potassium. Co-grown crops with the same demand will end up deficient even at "correct" EC.

Aquaponics suitability

Compatible

Fish waste provides enough nitrogen for healthy growth. Supplemental potassium, calcium, and iron may still be needed depending on fish stocking density.

Care notes

A compact, long-lived pepper for hydroponic growing. EC 2.0-2.8 mS/cm. pH 5.8-6.5. Temperature: 2232°C (native to hot, semi-arid environments). High light (DLI 18-25 mol/m2/day). The plants are small enough for countertop and windowsill growing, though they produce more fruit under strong supplemental light. Germination is slow and erratic (2-6 weeks); soaking seeds in dilute gibberellic acid solution or hydrogen peroxide before planting improves germination rates. From transplant to first fruit: 80-100 days. Once established, the plants fruit continuously for years as perennials. Each plant produces hundreds of tiny peppers annually. Harvest red for the fullest flavor. The small fruits dry easily: spread on a screen or string on thread and air-dry, or dehydrate at 55°C. Crushed dried chile pequin is the traditional table condiment in many Tex-Mex restaurants. For growers in northern climates, a chile pequin plant in a sunny window or under a grow light provides a steady supply of an otherwise difficult-to-source regional ingredient.

Further reading