Edible plant · herbs woody

Makrut lime

Citrus hystrix

Also known asKaffir lime (term increasingly avoided due to slur origin) · Thai lime · Makrut · Bai makrut (the leaves) · Magrood

intermediate warm-season frost-sensitive continuous
Days to harvest
365–730
Yield / plant
0.5kg
Spacing
150 cm
Daily light
20–30DLI

Environment

The bounded range this crop tolerates. Strict on light; outside the DLI band, yields drop sharply.

Temperature
5152535
1535°C
pH
45.578.5
5.5–7
EC (hydro)
01234
1.4–2 mS/cm
Daily light
5152535
20–30 mol/m²/d
!Light strict; fails outside DLI band
Continuous harvest

Climate and zones

USDA zones
9–12 (winter low around -7°C)
Frost
frost sensitive (dies at first frost)
Season
warm (summer, frost-sensitive)
·Outdoor year-round (in zone)
Outdoor in growing season
Unheated greenhouse / hoop
Heated greenhouse
Indoor (heated home)
·Indoor hydroponics + grow lights

Growing systems

Root mass: heavy. Thin-channel systems can't hold this crop.

·Deep water culture (rafts)
·NFT channels
·Vertical / aeroponic tower
·Drip / Dutch buckets
Media bed (ebb and flow)
·Wicking bed
Soil bed

Growing media

MediumpH effectRetentionBacterial surface
Soil-based mix (Potting soil) varies high high

Nutrient demand by stage

NPK ratios are relative weights. EC targets shift through the plant's life.

StageNPKEC (mS/cm)
seedling2111
vegetative2121.6

Aquaponics suitability

Not recommended

Fish waste alone doesn't supply enough of what this crop demands. Grows in hybrid systems with supplemental dosing, but expect active management.

Care notes

An excellent container citrus tree for greenhouse growing, providing a continuous supply of one of the most important Thai and Southeast Asian cooking ingredients. Large container (20 L) with well-drained media. EC 1.5-2.5 mS/cm. pH 5.5-6.5. Temperature: 1532°C (tropical origin; protect from frost). High light (DLI 16-28 mol/m2/day; supplemental lighting helps in northern climates). The tree grows slowly but produces harvestable leaves within the first year from nursery stock. Pick individual leaves as needed; the tree replaces them continuously. The leaves freeze well: pack flat in freezer bags and use directly from frozen (they shatter easily for shredding when frozen, which is convenient). Citrus-specific micronutrient supplementation (iron chelate, manganese, zinc) prevents yellowing. Scale insects and spider mites are the main pests. The thorns are sharp; handle with care. For anyone who regularly cooks Thai, Indonesian, or Malay food, a kaffir lime tree is one of the most valuable plants you can own.

Further reading