Aquarium plant · stems

Rotala wallichii

Rotala wallichii

Also known asWhorled rotala · Wallich's rotala

advanced fast grower very high light CO2 required
Max height
30 cm
Growth rate
Fast
Lighting
Very high
Difficulty
Advanced

Water parameters

Temperature
1520253035
2228°C
pH
45.578.5
5.5–7.0
Hardness
0102030
0–8 dGH
·Tolerates brackish
·Tolerates cold (unheated)

Light and nutrients

very high light
!CO2 required
CO2 boosts growth and color
both feeder

Substrate type: nutrient rich. Propagation: stem cuttings.

Foreground Midground Background

Substrate compatibility

SubstratepH effectNutrient load
Aquasoil (ADA Amazonia) lowers pH very high
Mineralized clay substrate (Seachem Fluorite) neutral / inert moderate
Dirted tank (mineralized topsoil) (DIY soil substrate) slightly acidic very high

With fish

Eaten by plant-grazers
May get uprooted
Sensitive to root disturbance

Origin and habitat

A delicate, fine-leaved stem plant of the loosestrife family, Lythraceae, Rotala wallichii (Hook.f.) Koehne, named for the Danish botanist Nathaniel Wallich who worked in 19th-century India and Southeast Asia. It is native from India (West Bengal) and Bangladesh through Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, southern China and Taiwan to peninsular Malaysia, in soft, slightly acidic wetland water. The very fine, needle-like leaves sit in dense whorls along thin stems, giving a soft feathery look like Myriophyllum, but under high light with CO2 the whorls flush vivid pink to magenta-red, making it one of the most striking stem plants in the hobby. It is regarded as one of the more demanding Rotala, for experienced high-tech keepers, though tissue culture has made it easier to obtain than in the days of wild-collected stock.

Care notes

Demanding. It needs strong light, roughly 50 PAR and up, pressurised CO2 around 20 to 30 ppm, and careful, steady nutrient dosing; under poor conditions the fine lower leaves shed and the plant rots from the bottom up. Crucially it wants soft, slightly acidic water, about pH 5.5 to 7 and 2 to 8 GH, and deteriorates in hard or alkaline water. Iron is key to the pink-red colour, and nitrate should be kept low but never zero, around 10 to 15 mg/L at most. The needle leaves trap detritus and catch algae in an unbalanced tank, so consistency matters more than heavy dosing. Plant in dense groups of ten or more for effect, trim the tops and replant, though it branches less reliably than R. rotundifolia. Keep it around 2228°C. It is not a beginner plant, but in a dialed-in high-tech tank the glowing magenta whorls are among the most beautiful things in aquascaping. It is an ornamental, not a crop, so it is unsuited to media-bed aquaponics or hydroponics.

Further reading