Aquarium plant · stem

Red milfoil

Myriophyllum mattogrossense

Also known asMato Grosso milfoil · Red foxtail · Brazilian watermilfoil

intermediate fast grower high light no CO2 needed
Max height
50 cm
Growth rate
Fast
Lighting
High
Difficulty
Intermediate

Water parameters

Temperature
1520253035
1828°C
pH
45.578.5
5.5–7.5
Hardness
0102030
2–15 dGH
·Tolerates brackish
·Tolerates cold (unheated)

Light and nutrients

high light
CO2 not required
CO2 boosts growth and color
water column feeder

Substrate type: rooted. Propagation: stem cutting.

Foreground Midground Background

Substrate compatibility

SubstratepH effectNutrient load
Aquasoil (ADA Amazonia) lowers pH very high
Dirted tank (mineralized topsoil) (DIY soil substrate) slightly acidic very high
Mineralized clay substrate (Seachem Fluorite) neutral / inert moderate
Inert sand (Pool filter sand) neutral / inert none
Inert gravel (Aquarium gravel) neutral / inert none

With fish

Eaten by plant-grazers
May get uprooted
Sensitive to root disturbance

Origin and habitat

A feathery stem plant of the watermilfoil family, Haloragaceae, Myriophyllum mattogrossense (Hoehne), native to western South America and west-central Brazil, including the Mato Grosso region that gives it its name, in slow rivers, ponds and marshes of the wet tropics. The stems are reddish, 3060 cm long, with whorls of very finely divided bright-green leaves, an even softer, feathery texture than Cabomba, and the upper stem flushes orange to red under strong light. The genus Myriophyllum has over 60 species worldwide, many temperate, but M. mattogrossense is one of the tropical ones that takes well to aquariums and is among the easiest milfoils to grow.

Care notes

Moderate care, and one of the more forgiving Myriophyllum. It does best under medium to high light with regular feeding, and while it grows in low-tech tanks, CO2 makes it faster and denser; aim for ten to twelve hours of light. It is not fussy about nutrients, wanting mainly some nitrate and phosphate, and grows larger and sturdier at moderate nitrate and phosphate levels, with iron and trace dosing bringing out the red tops. Growth is fast, often 510 cm a week, so it needs frequent cutting back; propagate from the many lateral shoots by snipping a tip and replanting. The very fine leaves trap detritus, so gentle flow around the plant keeps them clean. It is a tropical species, best around 2028°C, not a coldwater plant. Its delicate texture is a strong contrast against broad-leaved backgrounds, and it makes a soft, refined background or midground accent that, unlike Cabomba, is fairly easy to keep. It is an ornamental, not a crop, so it is unsuited to media-bed aquaponics or hydroponics.

Further reading