Aquarium plant · stems

Red milfoil

Myriophyllum mattogrossense

Also known asmato grosso milfoil

intermediate fast grower high light no CO2 needed
Max height
50 cm
Growth rate
Fast
Lighting
High
Difficulty
Intermediate

Water parameters

Temperature
15°C25°C35°C
1828°C
pH
45.578.5
5.5–7.5
Hardness
0102030
2–15 dGH
Tolerates brackish
Tolerates cold (unheated)

Light and nutrients

high light
CO2 not required
CO2 boosts growth and color
water column feeder

Substrate type: rooted. Propagation: stem cutting.

Foreground Midground Background

Substrate compatibility

SubstratepH effectNutrient load
Aquasoil (ADA Amazonia) lowers pH very high
Dirted tank (mineralized topsoil) (DIY soil substrate) slightly acidic very high
Mineralized clay substrate (Seachem Fluorite) neutral / inert moderate
Inert sand (Pool filter sand) neutral / inert none
Inert gravel (Aquarium gravel) neutral / inert none

With fish

Eaten by plant-grazers
May get uprooted
Sensitive to root disturbance

Origin and habitat

Native to South America, found in the Mato Grosso region of Brazil and surrounding areas in slow-moving rivers, ponds, and marshes. The species (Myriophyllum mattogrossense) is a feathery stem plant with whorls of finely divided, bright green to reddish leaves. The leaf divisions are finer and more numerous than Cabomba, creating an extremely delicate, feathery texture. Under strong light, the upper portions of the stem develop orange to reddish tones. Myriophyllum species are among the most finely textured stem plants available, and M. mattogrossense is one of the more accessible species in the genus for aquarium use. The genus Myriophyllum contains over 60 species worldwide, many native to temperate regions. M. mattogrossense is one of the tropical species that adapts best to aquarium conditions. The species name refers to Mato Grosso, a state in western Brazil. Less commonly available than Cabomba or Limnophila but offered by specialty aquatic plant retailers and online hobbyist networks.

Care notes

Moderate care. Grows best under moderate to high light with CO2 injection. Without CO2, growth is slower and the fine leaves are more prone to algae colonization and dieback. Plant stems in groups of 5+, pushed into substrate. Growth under good conditions is moderate to fast: 510 cm per week. Trim tops and replant to propagate. The finely divided leaves trap detritus more than broader-leaved plants; gentle water circulation around the plant helps keep the foliage clean. Under high light with CO2, the stem tops develop attractive orange-red coloring. Iron and micronutrient dosing supports this color development. Temperature: 2028°C. pH 6.0-7.5. Soft to moderately hard water. The extremely fine texture provides visual contrast against broader-leaved background plants and makes a beautiful, soft background or midground accent. In aquascaping, Myriophyllum is used for its unique feathery texture that no other plant type replicates. Available from specialty aquatic plant retailers. Not as widely stocked as Cabomba but worth seeking out for its superior ease of growth and visual refinement.

Further reading