Aquarium plant · specialty

Madagascar lace plant

Aponogeton madagascariensis

Also known asLace plant · Lattice plant

advanced moderate grower medium light no CO2 needed goldfish-proof
Max height
60 cm
Growth rate
Moderate
Lighting
Medium
Difficulty
Advanced

Water parameters

Temperature
15°C25°C35°C
1825°C
pH
45.578.5
6.0–7.5
Hardness
0102030
2–15 dGH
Tolerates brackish
Tolerates cold (unheated)

Light and nutrients

medium light
CO2 not required
CO2 boosts growth and color
root feeder

Substrate type: nutrient rich. Propagation: rhizome division.

Foreground Midground Background

Substrate compatibility

SubstratepH effectNutrient load
Aquasoil (ADA Amazonia) lowers pH very high
Mineralized clay substrate (Seachem Fluorite) neutral / inert moderate
Dirted tank (mineralized topsoil) (DIY soil substrate) slightly acidic very high

With fish

Safe with plant-eaters
May get uprooted
Tolerates root disturbance

Origin and habitat

Native to Madagascar, growing in fast-flowing streams and rivers. The species (Aponogeton madagascariensis) is one of the most visually striking aquarium plants: the leaves are composed entirely of a lattice-like network of veins with no tissue between them, creating a lace or skeleton-leaf appearance. This fenestrated (windowed) leaf structure is unique among aquarium plants and makes the Madagascar lace plant instantly recognizable. Leaves can reach 2040 cm long and 510 cm wide. The plant grows from a bulb. Wild populations in Madagascar are threatened by habitat loss. The species has a reputation as one of the most difficult common aquarium plants. Several Aponogeton species produce fenestrated (lace-like) leaves, but A. madagascariensis is the most dramatically skeletonized. The plant grows from a starchy bulb that stores energy during dormancy periods. Wild specimens are becoming increasingly rare as Madagascar's freshwater habitats face deforestation, siltation, and agricultural encroachment. Most aquarium specimens are commercially propagated from bulbs.

Care notes

Considered one of the more challenging aquarium plants due to specific requirements for water quality and flow. The lace structure means the leaves have enormous surface area relative to their mass, making them vulnerable to algae colonization and detritus accumulation. Strong water circulation is essential to keep the lattice clean. Temperature should be moderate to cool (1824°C); the plant often declines in warm tropical tanks above 25°C. Moderate light is ideal; high light promotes algae on the lace structure. CO2 is beneficial but not required. Rich substrate with root tabs supports the bulb. The plant benefits from a rest period: after months of growth, it may die back to the bulb. Some keepers remove the bulb and refrigerate it for 4-8 weeks in damp sphagnum moss, then replant. Clean water with low organic load is important because detritus clogging the leaf lattice blocks light and promotes decay. Weekly water changes of 30-50% help. Despite the difficulty reputation, the lace plant grows successfully in many well-maintained tanks. The key factors are moderate temperature, clean water, good flow, and adequate root nutrition. Not recommended for beginners, but a rewarding challenge for experienced keepers.

Further reading