Aquarium plant · mosses

Java moss

Taxiphyllum barbieri

Also known asCommon moss · Bogor moss

beginner slow grower low light no CO2 needed goldfish-proof
Max height
10 cm
Growth rate
Slow
Lighting
Low
Difficulty
Beginner

Water parameters

Temperature
1520253035
1530°C
pH
45.578.5
5.5–8.0
Hardness
0102030
0–25 dGH
·Tolerates brackish
Tolerates cold (unheated)

Light and nutrients

low light
CO2 not required
CO2 boosts growth and color
water column feeder
!Epiphyte (mount, don't bury)

Substrate type: epiphyte. Propagation: fragmentation.

Foreground Midground Background

Substrate compatibility

SubstratepH effectNutrient load
Wood and rock mounts (Hardscape mount) varies none
Inert sand (Pool filter sand) neutral / inert none
Inert gravel (Aquarium gravel) neutral / inert none
Limestone gravel (Crushed coral) raises pH none
Bare bottom (no substrate) (Bare bottom) n/a none
Aquasoil (ADA Amazonia) lowers pH very high
Mineralized clay substrate (Seachem Fluorite) neutral / inert moderate

With fish

Safe with plant-eaters
Tolerates diggers
Tolerates root disturbance

Origin and habitat

The most-used aquarium moss in the world, Java or Bogor moss, Taxiphyllum barbieri, family Hypnaceae, native to Southeast Asia. It was originally described as Isopterygium barbieri from Vinh in Vietnam, and it reached European aquarists in 1968, where it was first misidentified, first as Glossadelphus zollingeri and later confused with Vesicularia dubyana; both V. dubyana and T. barbieri are still sold as 'Java moss', though T. barbieri is the common one. It grows as a tangled, branching mass of fine stems with tiny rounded leaves and, having no true roots, anchors to rock, wood or soil by rhizoids in humid streamside habitats. In the aquarium it attaches to almost anything and forms dense bushy clumps. Cheap, available and nearly unkillable, it is the default moss for most keepers.

Outdoor pond use

USDA zones
8–13 (winter low around -12°C or warmer)

Care notes

The easiest aquarium moss. It grows in almost any light, including very dim, across a wide temperature range though it does best in the cool 20s Celsius and stalls in warm water, in any water chemistry and with no CO2. Having only rhizoids and no roots, it needs no substrate: tie or glue it to driftwood, rock, mesh or a coconut shell and it grips in three or four weeks, or just let it float. Growth is moderate, roughly doubling in a month or two. Because it grows every which way with no set shape, it piles into ever-denser clumps that trap detritus and shade out their own interior, so trim it now and then to keep it open. It is the single most useful plant for shrimp tanks, the dense fronds harbouring biofilm to graze, hiding shrimplets and catching food, and in breeding tanks it catches and protects scattered eggs from tetras, barbs and danios. Propagate by tearing off any piece and reattaching it. Its messiness next to structured mosses like Christmas or flame moss is the only real knock against it. It is an ornamental moss, not a crop, so it is unsuited to media-bed aquaponics or hydroponics.

Further reading