Aquarium plant · carpeting

HC Cuba

Micranthemum callitrichoides

Also known asDwarf baby tears · Hemianthus callitrichoides (synonym) · HC

advanced moderate grower very high light CO2 required goldfish-proof
Max height
4 cm
Growth rate
Moderate
Lighting
Very high
Difficulty
Advanced

Water parameters

Temperature
1520253035
2028°C
pH
45.578.5
5.5–7.0
Hardness
0102030
0–10 dGH
·Tolerates brackish
·Tolerates cold (unheated)

Light and nutrients

very high light
!CO2 required
CO2 boosts growth and color
both feeder

Substrate type: nutrient rich. Propagation: fragmentation.

Foreground Midground Background

Substrate compatibility

SubstratepH effectNutrient load
Aquasoil (ADA Amazonia) lowers pH very high
Mineralized clay substrate (Seachem Fluorite) neutral / inert moderate
Dirted tank (mineralized topsoil) (DIY soil substrate) slightly acidic very high

With fish

Safe with plant-eaters
May get uprooted
Sensitive to root disturbance

Origin and habitat

A tiny semi-aquatic carpeting plant of the family Linderniaceae, endemic to the West Indies, recorded from the Bahamas, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica and Puerto Rico, where it grows along shallow streams and damp rocks. The accepted name is Micranthemum callitrichoides; the familiar Hemianthus callitrichoides is a synonym, and in the hobby it is known simply as HC or HC Cuba, or as dwarf baby tears. Its leaf pairs are only 24 mm across on thin creeping stems, among the smallest of any aquarium plant, which makes it the benchmark foreground carpet in competitive aquascaping. The aquarium strain was collected at Las Pozas in Cuba in 2003 by Holger Windelov of Tropica and Eusebio Canicio Delgado Perez, and it quickly became a Nature Aquarium icon and a yardstick for tank quality.

Care notes

The most demanding common carpet, and not a low-tech plant. CO2 is essentially mandatory: grown without it the failure rate is around 95 percent. It also wants strong light, roughly 80 PAR at the substrate, and a fine, nutrient-rich substrate such as aquasoil that the delicate roots can penetrate; with all three it carpets in four to six weeks, the creeping stems branching into a dense mat, otherwise it thins and recedes. Plant small portions from tissue-culture cups one to two centimetres apart, pressed firmly in. Trim regularly with sharp scissors, even down near the substrate to clear old growth, because the main cause of the carpet lifting off in sheets is letting it grow too thick, since it builds upward in layers as well as outward; press lifted patches back or pin them. Algae is the constant threat to such a slow carpet, so stable, consistent CO2, light and dosing matter more than high dosing. Keep it warm, around 2028°C, in soft to moderately hard water. It rewards experienced keepers with high-tech setups. It is an ornamental carpet, not a crop, so it is unsuited to media-bed aquaponics or hydroponics.

Further reading