Aquarium plant · epiphytes

Anubias nana

Anubias barteri var. nana

Also known asDwarf anubias · Anubias nana

beginner slow grower low light no CO2 needed goldfish-proof
Max height
10 cm
Growth rate
Slow
Lighting
Low
Difficulty
Beginner

Water parameters

Temperature
1520253035
2228°C
pH
45.578.5
6.0–8.0
Hardness
0102030
0–25 dGH
·Tolerates brackish
·Tolerates cold (unheated)

Light and nutrients

low light
CO2 not required
CO2 boosts growth and color
water column feeder
!Epiphyte (mount, don't bury)

Substrate type: epiphyte. Propagation: rhizome division.

Foreground Midground Background

Substrate compatibility

SubstratepH effectNutrient load
Wood and rock mounts (Hardscape mount) varies none
Inert sand (Pool filter sand) neutral / inert none
Inert gravel (Aquarium gravel) neutral / inert none
Limestone gravel (Crushed coral) raises pH none
Bare bottom (no substrate) (Bare bottom) n/a none
Aquasoil (ADA Amazonia) lowers pH very high
Mineralized clay substrate (Seachem Fluorite) neutral / inert moderate

With fish

Safe with plant-eaters
Tolerates diggers
Tolerates root disturbance

Origin and habitat

A dwarf variety of Anubias barteri, first described as Anubias nana by Engler in 1899 and later reduced to varietal rank, native to Cameroon and West tropical Africa. It is the most popular Anubias in the hobby thanks to its small size: thick, rounded, dark-green leaves of about 38 cm on a creeping rhizome, the whole plant reaching only 512 cm tall, which suits nano tanks and foregrounds in larger setups. Like other Anubias it is a rheophyte that grips rocks and submerged wood in streams. Tissue-culture (in vitro) plants are widely sold and preferred for being free of algae, snails and pests. Several cultivars exist beyond the standard form: 'Petite' (smaller still), 'Golden' (lime-green to golden leaves), 'Snow White' (pale variegated) and 'Pangolino' (miniature).

Care notes

Care is the same as Anubias barteri, with the smaller leaves making it more versatile in aquascaping. Attach it to hardscape with gel super glue or thread, and never bury the rhizome, which rots if covered. The small, rounded leaves are handy for clothing wood and stone with greenery in low-tech tanks where true carpeting plants like dwarf hairgrass or Monte Carlo would fail without CO2; a driftwood branch covered in nana is one of the most dependable low-tech aquascaping tricks. Growth is very slow, so a single plant takes months to creep noticeably across wood. Under strong light, algae settles on the slow leaves faster than the plant replaces them, so keep light moderate, or balance bright light with CO2, nutrients and a grazing cleanup crew. Trim dead or algae-covered leaves at the base with sharp scissors. Propagate by dividing the rhizome once it has a section with three or four leaves, or by separating side shoots; each piece grows on independently. In shrimp tanks it is a favourite, the leaves and roots giving biofilm grazing surface and cover for shrimplets. The in-vitro form is the cleanest and often most vigorous way to buy it. It is an ornamental epiphyte, not a crop, so it is unsuited to media-bed aquaponics or hydroponics.

Further reading