Aquarium plant · epiphytes

Anubias congensis

Anubias heterophylla

Also known asCongo anubias · Anubias congensis (synonym) · Heart-leaf anubias

beginner slow grower low light no CO2 needed goldfish-proof
Max height
40 cm
Growth rate
Slow
Lighting
Low
Difficulty
Beginner

Water parameters

Temperature
1520253035
2228°C
pH
45.578.5
5.5–8.0
Hardness
0102030
0–25 dGH
·Tolerates brackish
·Tolerates cold (unheated)

Light and nutrients

low light
CO2 not required
CO2 boosts growth and color
water column feeder
!Epiphyte (mount, don't bury)

Substrate type: epiphyte. Propagation: rhizome division.

Foreground Midground Background

Substrate compatibility

SubstratepH effectNutrient load
Wood and rock mounts (Hardscape mount) varies none
Inert sand (Pool filter sand) neutral / inert none
Inert gravel (Aquarium gravel) neutral / inert none
Limestone gravel (Crushed coral) raises pH none
Bare bottom (no substrate) (Bare bottom) n/a none
Aquasoil (ADA Amazonia) lowers pH very high
Mineralized clay substrate (Seachem Fluorite) neutral / inert moderate

With fish

Safe with plant-eaters
Tolerates diggers
Tolerates root disturbance

Origin and habitat

A large African aroid (family Araceae) of the genus Anubias. The accepted name is Anubias heterophylla, described by Engler in 1879; the trade name Anubias congensis (N.E.Br., 1901) is a synonym, as are A. affinis, A. engleri, A. bequaertii and the trade name A. undulata. It is native across West-Central Africa, from Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea through Gabon, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to Angola, growing on rocks and submerged wood in forest streams. Its leaves are much larger than those of A. barteri or A. nana, lance-shaped and a lighter, brighter green, reaching roughly 1530 cm long, and the plant builds bulky rosette-like clusters from a thick rhizome. It is less common in the trade than barteri or nana but stocked by specialist aquatic-plant sellers.

Care notes

Care is the same as other Anubias and just as forgiving: low light, no CO2 needed, a wide temperature span of about 20°C to 30°C, and soft or hard water. What sets it apart is size, a large plant with leaves of 1530 cm that wants a tank of 150 litres or more; in a small tank it outgrows the space within months. Attach the thick rhizome to a sizeable piece of driftwood or rock with cyanoacrylate gel, cable ties or heavy thread, and never bury the rhizome, which rots if covered, so keep at least half of it exposed. Growth is slow like all Anubias, and it responds less to CO2 than most plants, though each new leaf adds real visual weight. Keep light low to medium, around eight hours a day; strong light mainly feeds algae, and green spot algae in particular settles on the broad leaves, where nerite snails graze it off well. Propagate by cutting the rhizome into sections with three or four leaves once the plant is large enough. The big leaves double as spawning surfaces for angelfish, discus and dwarf cichlids and as resting platforms for catfish and loaches. It is an ornamental epiphyte, not a crop, so it is unsuited to media-bed aquaponics or hydroponics.

Further reading